Compliance guide

Nonprofit Conflict of Interest Policy Template

A nonprofit conflict of interest policy protects your charity's decisions from bias and is expected by funders and regulators, the IRS Form 990 even asks whether you have one. This guide gives you a free template written for boards and nonprofits, plus a done-for-you option.

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Key takeaways

  • A nonprofit conflict of interest policy sets out how board members, officers and staff declare and manage personal interests that could clash with the organisation's mission.
  • The IRS Form 990 asks whether your nonprofit has a written conflict of interest policy, so most US charities are expected to have one.
  • It focuses on the board of directors and key decision-makers, who must recuse themselves from votes where they have an interest.
  • It pairs with a declaration of interest form and a register of interests.
  • Use the free template below, or have a tailored, ready-to-issue version done for you.

Why nonprofits need a conflict of interest policy

Nonprofits and charities are held to a high standard of public trust. A conflict of interest policy shows that board members and staff put the organisation's mission ahead of personal gain, and that decisions, especially about contracts, pay and related parties, are made fairly.

  • Regulator and funder expectations, grant-makers and regulators commonly expect a written COI policy.
  • Board governance, directors owe a duty of loyalty; the policy gives them a clear process to follow.
  • Protecting your status, mishandled conflicts (e.g. self-dealing) can threaten a charity's standing and tax-exempt status.
This is general guidance, not legal or tax advice. The specifics vary by regulator, the US IRS, the UK Charity Commission, the Australian ACNC and others each have their own expectations.

The IRS Form 990 angle

US nonprofits that file Form 990 are asked whether they have a written conflict of interest policy, and whether officers, directors and key employees are required to disclose annually. While not strictly mandatory, a "yes" signals good governance to the IRS, funders and the public, which is why the IRS publishes a sample policy in the Form 1023 instructions.

A solid nonprofit policy therefore includes annual disclosure statements and a clear recusal process for the board, the things Form 990 effectively asks about.

What to include: nonprofit COI policy template structure

Adapt this outline to your organisation:

  1. Purpose, protecting the nonprofit's interest when a transaction or arrangement might benefit a board member or officer.
  2. Who it covers, directors, officers, key employees and committee members.
  3. Definition of a conflict, including financial interests and interests of family members or related businesses.
  4. Duty to disclose, the obligation to declare an interest before any discussion or vote.
  5. Recusal and decision process, how an interested person leaves the room and abstains from the vote.
  6. Determining fair arrangements, how the board decides a transaction is in the nonprofit's best interest.
  7. Annual disclosure statements, each covered person confirms they've read the policy and discloses interests.
  8. Records and minutes, documenting disclosures, recusals and decisions.
  9. Violations, what happens if someone fails to disclose.
  10. Review and approval, board adoption, ownership and review cycle.

Download the editable nonprofit COI policy template

Add your email and we'll send the nonprofit conflict of interest policy template along with an annual disclosure statement your board can adopt (Word and PDF).

How to implement your nonprofit COI policy

For nonprofits, adoption and annual disclosure are what regulators and funders look for.

  1. 1

    Adapt it to your organisation

    Match the covered persons and definitions to your structure and jurisdiction.

  2. 2

    Adopt it at board level

    Have the board formally approve the policy and record it in the minutes.

  3. 3

    Collect annual disclosures

    Ask every director, officer and key employee to sign a disclosure statement each year.

  4. 4

    Follow the recusal process

    When a conflict arises, the interested person leaves the discussion and abstains from the vote, and you minute it.

  5. 5

    Keep a register

    Maintain a register of interests and decisions for transparency and audits.

  6. 6

    Review annually

    Revisit the policy and disclosures each year, ahead of your Form 990 or equivalent filing.

Free template vs done-for-you document

If your board has the time, the free template is genuinely all you need. If you'd rather hand it over, here's what the done-for-you version adds.

Free templateDone-for-you document
Price£0Fixed fee
Effort from youA few hours editingA short intake form
Fitted to your nonprofitYou write it inDone for you
Annual disclosure statementBasic sampleTailored form
Ready for board adoptionYou format itYes, adoption-ready
If it needs changesYou redo itWe revise it free

Prefer your nonprofit COI policy done for you?

Tell us about your nonprofit and board, and we'll prepare a tailored conflict of interest policy and annual disclosure statement, written for adoption at your next board meeting.

Requests for the nonprofit conflict of interest policy are reviewed and prepared manually, we'll follow up by email.

Frequently asked questions

Is this nonprofit conflict of interest policy template free?+
Yes. The outline and sample wording are free for your nonprofit to use. The only paid option is having a tailored, board-ready document prepared for you.
Does the IRS require a conflict of interest policy?+
It isn't strictly mandatory, but Form 990 asks whether you have a written policy and require annual disclosures. Having one is strongly expected as a sign of good governance, and the IRS provides a sample in the Form 1023 instructions.
Who does a nonprofit COI policy apply to?+
Typically directors, officers, key employees and committee members, anyone in a position to influence the organisation's decisions or transactions.
What's the difference between this and a general COI policy?+
The substance is similar, but a nonprofit policy focuses on the board, recusal from votes, annual disclosures and the Form 990 angle. For a general business version, see our conflict of interest policy template.
Does it work for charities outside the US?+
Yes. The principles apply broadly, just align the references to your regulator (e.g. UK Charity Commission, Australian ACNC) instead of the IRS.